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Theme is a mode

A theme is a mode on the Semantic token collection, never a component variant. In code it is the data-theme attribute; in Figma it is a mode on the Semantic collection. One switch re-themes the entire surface — you never swap component instances.

The same Foundations board, re-themed by switching the Semantic mode:

Day mode
Day
Night-NVG mode
Night-NVG
Mono mode
Mono
  • No duplicated component sets per theme — lower maintenance, no drift.
  • Mode switching is instant and total.
  • Mono is the accessibility proof: if meaning survives with color stripped, the design never relied on color alone.